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Reflow Soldering Defects & Causes

DEFECT / CAUSE RELATIONSHIP
Coplanarity
Contamination
Metallurgy
Solder Quality
Solder Volume
Reflow Profile
Placement Accuracy
Land Design
Reflow Cycle Too Long
Excessive Reflow Temp
Excessive Heating Rate
Preheat Temp Low
Solder Paste Oxidation
Screen/Stencil Clogged
Insufficient Solder Paste
Oxidized Solder Paste
Paste Viscosity Too Low
Misaligned Component
Excess Solder Deposition
Component Contamination
Board Contamination
Pad Size Mismatch
Cause
Open Joint
DEFECT
Tombstoning
Voids
Solder Wicking
Non-Wetting
Incomplete Fillets
Poor Strength
Solder Shorts
Solder Balls
Intermetallics
Appearance
Component Cracking
Bridging
Grainy Solder
Laminate Discoloration
Leaching
Halo Effect
Discolored Joint
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